Most of us are aware that time in nature can be restorative – scores of research studies have suggested that stress and anxiety can fade after a morning spent convening with the trees. It seems simple enough for most urban families – load up the kids and the dog and head to the great outdoors for a hike or a picnic. But what if it’s not that easy? 

For many adults, a trip to the countryside might not be in the cards, prompting researchers to wonder how to achieve the mental health benefits of the great outdoors while never leaving the great indoors. In “Not Just Scenery: Viewing Nature Pictures Improves Executive Attention in Older Adults,” researchers set out to determine if simply viewing nature pictures can improve brain function in older adults. 

Earlier studies have shown favorable results in this area for younger people. In fact, this study was inspired by Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory (KART) that demonstrates brief exposure to nature scenes improves mental focus in young adults. While this “Nature Effect” has been documented among younger populations, senior citizens had never been evaluated in this way – until now. In this study, researchers randomly showed a series of nature or urban photos to a group of older adults (aged 64-79) and a group of younger adults (aged 18-25) and then measured their executive attention levels. 

Results for both groups were similarly positive – exposure to photographs of natural scenes offer a quick, inexpensive, and enjoyable way to provide a temporary boost in executive attention. Executive attention, or the ability of the brain to keep information active and in focus, is also the function used to control thoughts and behaviors. This finding, then, is particularly significant for seniors, who may be more vulnerable to cognitive fatigue than others. Increased executive attention may result in improved memory, focus, and more positive attitudes.

However, not just any quick snap of a cactus or a palm tree will do. Pictures must meet four criteria to evoke the desired improvements in executive attention. According to KART, pictures must be:

• Fascinating to effortlessly capture the attention of the viewer
• Provide a sense ofbeing away, allowing the mind to wander from everyday stress
• Beextensive by creating a desire to explore more of the environment

Becompatible with one’s desires and needs, providing the opportunity to experience enjoyment.